다양한 Sample Configuration File 예<?XML:NAMESPACE PREFIX = O />

MRTG로 다양한 네트웍장비의 자원을 분석하기위해서는 Configuration File을 생성해야한다.

Configuration FIile을 생성하는 방법은 cfgmaker를 이용하는 방법과 기존에 생성된 파일을 활용하는 방법 두가지가 있다.

여기서 보여드리는 Configuration File의 예는 다양한 자원분석을 위한 샘플파일이다.

Some example mrtg.cfg files

Minimal mrtg.cfg

 WorkDir: /usr/tardis/pub/www/stats/mrtg

 Target[r1]: 2:public@myrouter.somplace.edu

 MaxBytes[r1]: 64000

 Title[r1]: Traffic Analysis ISDN

 PageTop[r1]: <H1>Stats for our ISDN Line</H1>

Cfg for several Routers.

 WorkDir: /usr/tardis/pub/www/stats/mrtg

 Title[^]: Traffic Analysis for

 PageTop[^]: <H1>Stats for

 PageTop[$]: Contact The Chief if you notice anybody<HR>

 MaxBytes[_]: 64000

 Options[_]: growright

 Title[isdn]: our ISDN Line

 PageTop[isdn]: our ISDN Line</H1>

 Target[isdn]: 2:public@router.somplace.edu

 Title[backb]: our Campus Backbone

 PageTop[backb]: our Campus Backbone</H1>

 Target[backb]: 1:public@router.somplace.edu

 MaxBytes[backb]: 1250000

 # the following line removes the default prepend value

 # defined above

 Title[^]:

 Title[isdn2]: Traffic for the Backup ISDN Line

 PageTop[isdn2]: our ISDN Line</H1>

 Target[isdn2]: 3:public@router.somplace.edu

NET-SNMP Tutorial -- MRTG

This page will present a few ideas of what you can monitor on your hosts with the net-snmp using the mrtg utility.

This is not an MRTG tutorial, and it is not going to talk about monitoring network traffic.

Note, that these examples uses values that are only available from net-snmp-4.2 and that the LoadMIBs mrtg directive requires mrtg-2.8.0.

Monitoring CPU load

There are several ways to try to monitor CPU usage, because the system maintains several
CPU counters: Idle, System, User, Nice. As MRTG does not allow you to graph more than two values at a time,
it is possible to select any two values ang graoh aginst each other, but it it also possible to compute a combined value.

User vs Idle CPU usage

An example of such a graph is here.

The corresponding MRTG configuration is

    LoadMIBs: /usr/local/share/snmp/mibs/UCD-SNMP-MIB.txt

    Target[kontor.cpu]:ssCpuRawUser.0&ssCpuRawIdle.0:public@10.10.11.2

    RouterUptime[kontor.cpu]: public@10.10.11.2

    MaxBytes[kontor.cpu]: 100

    Title[kontor.cpu]: CPU LOAD

    PageTop[kontor.cpu]: <H1>User CPU Load %</H1>

    Unscaled[kontor.cpu]: ymwd

    ShortLegend[kontor.cpu]: %

    YLegend[kontor.cpu]: CPU Utilization

    Legend1[kontor.cpu]: User CPU in % (Load)

    Legend2[kontor.cpu]: Idle CPU in % (Load)

    Legend3[kontor.cpu]:

    Legend4[kontor.cpu]:

    LegendI[kontor.cpu]:  User

    LegendO[kontor.cpu]:  Idle

    Options[kontor.cpu]: growright,nopercent

User vs System CPU usage

An example of such a graph is here.

The corresponding MRTG configuration is

    LoadMIBs: /usr/local/share/snmp/mibs/UCD-SNMP-MIB.txt

    Target[kontor.usrsys]:ssCpuRawUser.0&ssCpuRawSystem.0:public@10.10.11.2

    RouterUptime[kontor.usrsys]: public@10.10.11.2

    MaxBytes[kontor.usrsys]: 100

    Title[kontor.usrsys]: CPU LOAD

    PageTop[kontor.usrsys]: <H1>CPU (user and system) Load %</H1>

    Unscaled[kontor.usrsys]: ymwd

    ShortLegend[kontor.usrsys]: %

    YLegend[kontor.usrsys]: CPU Utilization

    Legend1[kontor.usrsys]: User CPU in % (Load)

    Legend2[kontor.usrsys]: System CPU in % (Load)

    Legend3[kontor.usrsys]:

    Legend4[kontor.usrsys]:

    LegendI[kontor.usrsys]:  User

    LegendO[kontor.usrsys]:  System

    Options[kontor.usrsys]: growright,nopercent

Active CPU usage

An example of such a graph is here. This example sums User, System and Nice and plots it as a single value.

The corresponding MRTG configuration is

    LoadMIBs: /usr/local/share/snmp/mibs/UCD-SNMP-MIB.txt

    Target[kontor.cpusum]:ssCpuRawUser.0&ssCpuRawUser.0:public@10.10.11.2 + ssCpuRawSystem.0&ss
CpuRawSystem.0:public@10.10.11.2 + ssCpuRawNice.0&ssCpuRawNice.0:public@10.10.11.2

    RouterUptime[kontor.usrsys]: public@10.10.11.2

    MaxBytes[kontor.cpusum]: 100

    Title[kontor.cpusum]: CPU LOAD

    PageTop[kontor.cpusum]: <H1>Active CPU Load %</H1>

    Unscaled[kontor.cpusum]: ymwd

    ShortLegend[kontor.cpusum]: %

    YLegend[kontor.cpusum]: CPU Utilization

    Legend1[kontor.cpusum]: Active CPU in % (Load)

    Legend2[kontor.cpusum]:

    Legend3[kontor.cpusum]:

    Legend4[kontor.cpusum]:

    LegendI[kontor.cpusum]:  Active

    LegendO[kontor.cpusum]:

    Options[kontor.cpusum]: growright,nopercent

Monitoring DISK space

There are two tables that can be used when monitoring disk space,
UCD-SNMP-MIB:dskTable and HOST-RESOURCES-MIB:hrStorageTable.
There are two noticeable differences bwtween these tables: UCD-SNMP-MIB:dskTable requires a configuration directive in snmpd.conf,
but it also gives a direct measure of the percentage of free space

On the system I used for these examples, I have the following disks:

    $ df

    Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

    /dev/hda6             289M   56M  218M  21% /

    /dev/hda1             7.3G  3.2G  4.1G  44% /mnt/windows

    /dev/hda7             1.7G  1.2G  429M  74% /usr

    /dev/hdc1              19G  6.7G   11G  37% /space

and I have put the following lines into snmpd.conf:

    disk    /              100000

    disk    /usr         100000

    disk    /space     100000

Monitoring from dskTable

I used the direct percentage of disk full for the root and /usr partitions in this example It plot the usage of the root and the /usr partitions in one graph.

    LoadMIBs: /usr/local/share/snmp/mibs/UCD-SNMP-MIB.txt

    Target[kontor.root]:dskPercent.1&dskPercent.2:public@10.10.11.2

    RouterUptime[kontor.root]: public@10.10.11.2

    MaxBytes[kontor.root]: 100

    Title[kontor.root]: DISK USAGE

    PageTop[kontor.root]: <H1>DISK / and /usr Usage %</H1>

    Unscaled[kontor.root]: ymwd

    ShortLegend[kontor.root]: %

    YLegend[kontor.root]: DISK Utilization

    Legend1[kontor.root]: Root disk

    Legend2[kontor.root]: /usr disk

    Legend3[kontor.root]:

    Legend4[kontor.root]:

    LegendI[kontor.root]:  Root disk

    LegendO[kontor.root]:  /usr disk

    Options[kontor.root]: growright,gauge,nopercent

Monitoring from hrStorageTable

Use of hrStorageTable requires no preceding configuration, as in this example It plot the partition size as one value, and the used space as another.
Note:the values returned here are in units of hrStorageUnits, which, dependent on the file system type, may or may not be 1K.

    LoadMIBs: /usr/local/share/snmp/mibs/HOST-RESOURCES-MIB.txt

    Target[kontor.hrroot]:hrStorageSize.1&hrStorageUsed.1:public@10.10.11.2

    RouterUptime[kontor.hrroot]: public@10.10.11.2

    MaxBytes[kontor.hrroot]: 300000

    Title[kontor.hrroot]: DISK / USAGE

    PageTop[kontor.hrroot]: <H1>DISK / Usage</H1>

    ShortLegend[kontor.hrroot]: B

    kMG[kontor.hrroot]: k,M,G,T,P

    kilo[kontor.hrroot]: 1024

    YLegend[kontor.hrroot]: DISK / Utilization

    Legend1[kontor.hrroot]: Root disk size

    Legend2[kontor.hrroot]: Root disk usage

    Legend3[kontor.hrroot]:

    Legend4[kontor.hrroot]:

    LegendI[kontor.hrroot]:  Root disk size

    LegendO[kontor.hrroot]:  Root disk usage

    Options[kontor.hrroot]: growright,gauge,nopercent

The complete picture

Last modified: Fri Dec 4 19:46:18 PST 1999