리눅스마스터1급 : NFS 서버 설정하기

옵션

기능

root_squash

클라이언트에서 루트를 서버상에 nobody 사용자로 매핑

no_root_squash

서버와 클라이언트가 root 계정을 사용

ro

공유된 자원을 읽기 전용으로 마운트

rw

공유된 자원을 읽기/쓰기로 마운트

insecure

인증되지 않은 액세스도 가능하도록 함

link_relative

절대 심볼리 링크를 상대 심볼릭 링크로 변경시 사용

[root@sulinux ~]# cat /etc/exports

/home/sulinux sulinux.net(ro)

/home/sulinux linux.co.kr(rw)

[root@sulinux init.d]# pwd

/etc/rc.d/init.d

[root@sulinux init.d]# cat nfs

#!/bin/sh

#

# nfs This shell script takes care of starting and stopping

# the NFS services.

#

# chkconfig: - 60 20

# description: NFS is a popular protocol for file sharing across TCP/IP \

# networks. This service provides NFS server functionality, \

# which is configured via the /etc/exports file.

# probe: true

# config: /etc/sysconfig/nfs

# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/network ] && . /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check for and source configuration file otherwise set defaults

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nfs ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nfs

RETVAL=0

# See how we were called.

case "$1" in

start)

# Check that networking is up.

[ "${NETWORKING}" = "no" ] && exit 6

[ -x /usr/sbin/rpc.nfsd ] || exit 5

[ -x /usr/sbin/rpc.mountd ] || exit 5

[ -x /usr/sbin/exportfs ] || exit 5

# Don't fail if /etc/exports doesn't exist; create a bare-bones

# version and continue.

[ -r /etc/exports ] || \

{ touch /etc/exports && chmod u+rw,g+r,o+r /etc/exports ; } || \

{ echo "/etc/exports does not exist" ; exit 0 ; }

[ -z "$MOUNTD_NFS_V2" ] && MOUNTD_NFS_V2=default

[ -z "$MOUNTD_NFS_V3" ] && MOUNTD_NFS_V3=default

# Number of servers to be started by default

[ -z "$RPCNFSDCOUNT" ] && RPCNFSDCOUNT=8

# Remote quota server

[ -z "$RQUOTAD" ] && RQUOTAD=`type -path rpc.rquotad`

# Start daemons.

[ -x /usr/sbin/rpc.svcgssd ] && /sbin/service rpcsvcgssd start

action $"Starting NFS services: " /usr/sbin/exportfs -r

# Set the ports lockd should listen on

if [ -n "$LOCKD_TCPPORT" ]; then

/sbin/sysctl -w fs.nfs.nlm_tcpport=$LOCKD_TCPPORT >/dev/null 2>&1

fi

if [ -n "$LOCKD_UDPPORT" ]; then

/sbin/sysctl -w fs.nfs.nlm_udpport=$LOCKD_UDPPORT >/dev/null 2>&1

fi

if [ -n "$RQUOTAD" -a "$RQUOTAD" != "no" ]; then

echo -n $"Starting NFS quotas: "

[ -n "$RQUOTAD_PORT" ] \

&& RPCRQUOTADOPTS="$RPCRQUOTADOPTS -p $RQUOTAD_PORT"

daemon rpc.rquotad $RPCRQUOTADOPTS

RETVAL=$?

echo

fi

echo -n $"Starting NFS daemon: "

daemon rpc.nfsd $RPCNFSDARGS $RPCNFSDCOUNT

RETVAL=$?

echo

[ $RETVAL -ne 0 ] && exit $RETVAL

[ -n "$MOUNTD_PORT" ] \

&& RPCMOUNTDOPTS="$RPCMOUNTDOPTS -p $MOUNTD_PORT"

case $MOUNTD_NFS_V1 in

no|NO)

RPCMOUNTDOPTS="$RPCMOUNTDOPTS --no-nfs-version 1" ;;

esac

case $MOUNTD_NFS_V2 in

no|NO)

RPCMOUNTDOPTS="$RPCMOUNTDOPTS --no-nfs-version 2" ;;

esac

case $MOUNTD_NFS_V3 in

no|NO)

RPCMOUNTDOPTS="$RPCMOUNTDOPTS --no-nfs-version 3" ;;

esac

echo -n $"Starting NFS mountd: "

daemon rpc.mountd $RPCMOUNTDOPTS

RETVAL=$?

echo

[ $RETVAL -ne 0 ] && exit $RETVAL

touch /var/lock/subsys/nfs

# Let rpc.idmapd know that rpc.mountd just started

[ -x /usr/sbin/rpc.idmapd ] && /sbin/service rpcidmapd condstart

;;

stop)

# Stop daemons.

echo -n $"Shutting down NFS mountd: "

killproc rpc.mountd

echo

echo -n $"Shutting down NFS daemon: "

killproc nfsd -2

echo

if [ -n "$RQUOTAD" -a "$RQUOTAD" != "no" ]; then

echo -n $"Shutting down NFS quotas: "

killproc rpc.rquotad

RETVAL=$?

echo

fi

# Do it the last so that clients can still access the server

# when the server is running.

cnt=`/usr/sbin/exportfs -v | /usr/bin/wc -l`

if [ $cnt -gt 0 ]; then

action $"Shutting down NFS services: " /usr/sbin/exportfs -au

else

action $"Shutting down NFS services: " /bin/false

fi

[ -x /usr/sbin/rpc.svcgssd ] && /sbin/service rpcsvcgssd stop

rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nfs

;;

status)

[ -x /usr/sbin/rpc.svcgssd ] && /sbin/service rpcsvcgssd status

status rpc.mountd

status nfsd

if [ -n "$RQUOTAD" -a "$RQUOTAD" != "no" ]; then

status rpc.rquotad

fi

RETVAL=$?

;;

restart)

$0 stop

$0 start

;;

reload)

/usr/sbin/exportfs -r

touch /var/lock/subsys/nfs

;;

probe)

if [ ! -f /var/lock/subsys/nfs ] ; then

echo $"start"; exit 0

fi

/sbin/pidof rpc.mountd >/dev/null 2>&1; MOUNTD="$?"

/sbin/pidof nfsd >/dev/null 2>&1; NFSD="$?"

if [ $MOUNTD = 1 -o $NFSD = 1 ] ; then

echo $"restart"; exit 0

fi

if [ /etc/exports -nt /var/lock/subsys/nfs ] ; then

echo $"reload"; exit 0

fi

;;

condrestart)

[ -x /usr/sbin/rpc.svcgssd ] && /sbin/service rpcsvcgssd condrestart

[ -f /var/lock/subsys/nfs ] && {

$0 stop

$0 start

}

;;

*)

echo $"Usage: nfs {start|stop|status|restart|reload|condrestart}"

RETVAL=3

;;

esac

exit $RETVAL

[root@sulinux init.d]# ./nfs stop

NFS mountd를 종료 중: [ OK ]

NFS 데몬을 종료 중: [ OK ]

NFS 서비스를 종료 중: [ OK ]

[root@sulinux init.d]# ./nfs start

NFS 서비스를 시작 중: [ OK ]

NFS 쿼터를 시작 중: [ OK ]

NFS 데몬을 시작 중: [ OK ]

NFS mountd를 시작 중: [ OK ]

mount [-t nfs] 서버:디렉토리 /마운트위치

[root@sulinux ~]# mount nfs.linux.co.kr:/home/linux /mnt/linux

[root@sulinux ~]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

18G 1.5G 16G 9% /

/dev/hda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot

tmpfs 502M 0 502M 0% /dev/shm

nfs.linux.co.kr:/home/linux

47G 36G 9.2G 80% /mnt/linux

[root@sulinux ~]#

[root@sulinux /]# cat /etc/fstab

/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 / ext3 defaults 1 1

LABEL=/boot /boot ext3 defaults 1 2

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0

devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol01 swap swap defaults 0 0

nfs.linux.co.kr:/home/linux /mnt/linux nfs timeo=25

[root@sulinux /]#

옵션

의미

rsize

NFS 서버로부터 읽어들이는 바이트 수를 지정하는 것으로 기본은 1024바이트

wsize

NFS 서버에 기록할 때 사용하는 바이트 수를 지정하는 것으로 기본은 1024바이트

timeo

클라이언트에서 타임아웃이 발생되고 나서, 다시 재전송 요구를 보낼 때 사용하는 시간

retrans

재전송 횟수를 지정

port

NFS 서버에 연결할 때 사용하는 포트 번호 지정

fg

NFS 서버에 타임아웃이 발생되면 즉각 접속을 중지

intr

타임아웃이 발생하면 신호를 보내 NFS 호출을 인터럽트

hard

타임아웃이 발생되는 "server not responding" 메시지를 출력하고 계속 재시도

soft

타임아웃이 발생하면 I/O 에러 표시

[root@sulinux /]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

18G 1.5G 16G 9% /

/dev/hda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot

tmpfs 502M 0 502M 0% /dev/shm

nfs.linux.co.kr:/home/linux

47G 36G 9.2G 80% /mnt/linux

[root@sulinux /]# umount /mnt/linux

[root@sulinux /]# df -h

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00

18G 1.5G 16G 9% /

/dev/hda1 99M 12M 82M 13% /boot

tmpfs 502M 0 502M 0% /dev/shm